http://precedings.nature.com/users/b70abde0ac72aa7b10a33f41ee03579f/ Documents posted by Aaron Filler Nature Publishing Group en Nature Precedings http://precedings.nature.com/images/header_logo.gif http://precedings.nature.com http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2009.3267.5 A steady series of advances in physics, mathematics, computers and clinical imaging science have progressively transformed diagnosis and treatment of neurological and neurosurgical disorders in the 115 years between the discovery of the X-ray and the advent of high resolution diffusion based functional MRI. The story of the progress in human terms, with its battles for priorities, forgotten advances, competing claims, public battles for Nobel Prizes, and patent priority litigations bring alive the human drama of this remarkable collective achievement in computed medical imaging. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2009.3267.5 Mon, 13 Jul 2009 09:15:30 UTC The History, Development and Impact of Computed Imaging in Neurological Diagnosis and Neurosurgery: CT, MRI, and DTI doi:10.1038/npre.2009.3267.5 2009-07-13 Aaron G. Filler Nature Precedings 2009-07-13T09:15:30Z Manuscript Biotechnology Cancer Neuroscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2009.2877.2 Objective – Methods were invented that made it possible to image peripheral nerves in the body and to image neural tracts in the brain. Over a 15 year period, these techniques – MR Neurography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging – were then deployed in the clinical and research community and applied to about 50,000 patients. Within this group, about 5,000 patients having MR Neurography were carefully tracked on a prospective basis.Method – In the study group a uniform imaging methodology was applied and all images were reviewed and registered by referral source, clinical indication, efficacy of imaging and quality. Various classes of image findings were identified and subjected to a variety of small targeted prospective outcome studies. Those findings demonstrated to be clinically significant were then tracked in the larger clinical volume data set.Results – MR Neurography demonstrates mechanical distortion of nerves, hyperintensity consistent with nerve irritation, nerve swelling, discontinuity, relations of nerves to masses, and image features revealing distortion of nerve at entrapment points. These findings are often clinically relevant and warrant full consideration in the diagnostic process. They result in specific pathologic diagnoses that are comparable to electrodiagnostic testing in clinical efficacy.Conclusions – MR Neurography and DTI neural tract imaging have been validated as indispensable clinical diagnostic methods that provide reliable anatomical pathological information. There is no alternative diagnostic method in many situations. With the elapse of 15 years, tens of thousands of imaging studies, and hundreds of publications, these methods should no longer be considered experimental. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2009.2877.2 Tue, 07 Apr 2009 13:23:59 UTC MR Neurography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Origins, History & Clinical Impact doi:10.1038/npre.2009.2877.2 2009-04-07 Aaron G. Filler Nature Precedings 2009-04-07T13:23:59Z Manuscript Neuroscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1932/version/2 Objective: Methods were invented that made it possible to image peripheral nerves in the body and to image neural tracts in the brain. Over a 15 year period, these techniques – MR Neurography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging – were then deployed in the clinical and research community and applied to about 50,000 patients. Within this group, about 5,000 patients having MR Neurography were carefully tracked on a prospective basis.Method: In the study group a uniform imaging methodology was applied and all images were reviewed and registered by referral source, clinical indication, efficacy of imaging and quality. Various classes of image findings were identified and subjected to a variety of small targeted prospective outcome studies. Those findings demonstrated to be clinically significant were then tracked in the larger clinical volume data set.Results: MR Neurography demonstrates mechanical distortion of nerves, hyperintensity consistent with nerve irritation, nerve swelling, discontinuity, relations of nerves to masses, and image features revealing distortion of nerve at entrapment points. These findings are often clinically relevant and warrant full consideration in the diagnostic process. They result in specific pathologic diagnoses that are comparable to electrodiagnostic testing in clinical efficacy.Conclusions: MR Neurography and DTI neural tract imaging have been validated as indispensable clinical diagnostic methods that provide reliable anatomical pathological information. There is no alternative diagnostic method in many situations. With the elapse of 15 years, tens of thousands of imaging studies, and hundreds of publications, these methods should no longer be considered experimental. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1932/version/2 Thu, 13 Nov 2008 16:57:13 UTC MR Neurography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Origin, History and Impact hdl:10101/npre.2008.1932.2 2008-11-13 Aaron G. Filler Nature Precedings 2008-11-13T16:57:13Z Manuscript Neuroscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2164/version/1 We report the use of axonal transport to achieve intraneural drug delivery. We constructed a novel tripartite complex of an axonal transport facilitator conjugated to a linker molecule bearing up to a hundred reversibly attached drug molecules. The complex efficiently enters nerve terminals after intramuscular or intradermal administration and travels within axonal processes to neuron cell bodies. The tripartite agent provided 100-fold amplification of saturable neural uptake events, delivering multiple drug molecules per complex. In vivo, analgesic drug delivery to systemic and to non-targeted neural tissues was greatly reduced compared to existing routes of administration, thus exemplifying the possibility of specific nerve root targeting and effectively increasing the potency of the candidate drug gabapentin 300-fold relative to oral administration. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2164/version/1 Thu, 07 Aug 2008 12:00:47 UTC Successful use of axonal transport for drug delivery by synthetic molecular vehicles hdl:10101/npre.2008.2164.1 2008-08-07 Aaron G. Filler Nature Precedings 2008-08-07T12:00:47Z Manuscript Biotechnology Chemistry Molecular Cell Biology Neuroscience Pharmacology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/