http://precedings.nature.com/tags/skill%20learning Recently posted documents tagged with 'skill learning' Nature Publishing Group en Nature Precedings http://precedings.nature.com/images/header_logo.gif http://precedings.nature.com http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2477/version/1 Electro-cortical changes associated with learning and performing were investigated in eighteen pianists over three closely-spaced performances of sight-reading a novel music score. Six musical criteria were assessed: right hand errors, left hand errors, rhythmic errors, speed accuracy, fluency, and musical expression. These skills correlated specifically to electrical rhythms of 8.5-10.5 cycles per second near the sensory-motor cortex and the supplementary area. The correlations progressively reduced with each performance as it improved and learning occurred. Further, these electro-cortical potentials can predict the quality of performer and performance at the same or later occasion based on the same or different skill. Understanding this physiology will help to improve the rate, and success, of learning or detect loss of performance-related attention long before sleep onset measures indicate the persistence of loss of vehicle control from exhaustion or drug action. This knowledge can be used in electromechanical coupling allowing direct brain control of devices. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2477/version/1 Thu, 06 Nov 2008 15:40:31 UTC Electrocortical activity can predict pianist’s proficiency hdl:10101/npre.2008.2477.1 2008-11-06 Malcolm M. H. Mills Nature Precedings 2008-11-06T15:40:31Z Manuscript Neuroscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1354/version/1 At the heart of learning-by-doing lies a well-known psychological phenomenon: information will be remembered better if it is actively generated rather than passively read or heard. First described in humans, this generation effect can also be observed in various animal models. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the generation effect are unknown. Here we show that two reciprocal interactions between its active and passive components contribute to the generation effect in flies. One interaction consists of the active (skill-learning) component facilitating the passive (fact-learning) component. Fact-learning, on the other hand, inhibits skill-learning. Experiments with adenylyl cyclase I deficient rutabaga mutant flies revealed that the fact- but not the skill-learning component requires this evolutionarily conserved learning gene. Using mushroom-body deficient transgenic flies we observed that the mushroom-bodies mediate the inhibition of skill-learning. This inhibition also enables generalization and prevents premature habit formation. Extended training in wildtype flies produced a phenocopy of mushroom-body impaired flies, such that generalization was abolished and goal-directed actions were transformed into habitual responses. Thus, our results identify various neural processes underlying learning-by-doing, delineate some of their synergisms and provide a framework for further dissecting them in a genetically tractable model system. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1354/version/1 Tue, 20 Nov 2007 18:16:18 UTC Dissecting the mechanisms of learning-by-doing in Drosophila hdl:10101/npre.2007.1354.1 2007-11-20 Björn Brembs Nature Precedings 2007-11-20T18:16:18Z Manuscript Genetics & Genomics Neuroscience http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/