http://precedings.nature.com/tags/Multiple%20Sclerosis Recently posted documents tagged with 'Multiple Sclerosis' Nature Publishing Group en Nature Precedings http://precedings.nature.com/images/header_logo.gif http://precedings.nature.com http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1821/version/1 Oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system can be categorized as precursors, myelin-forming, and non-myelinating perineuronal cells. The function of perineuronal oligodendrocytes is unknown; it was proposed that following injury, they may remyelinate denuded axons. We investigated these cells’ potential. A combination of cell-specific tags, microarray technology and bioinformatics tools to identify gene expression differences between these subpopulations allowed us to capture the genetic signature of perineuronal oligodendrocytes. Here we report that perineuronal oligodendrocytes are configured for a dual role. As cells that embrace neuronal somata, they integrate a repertoire of transcripts designed to create their own code for communicating with neurons. But they maintain a reservoir of untranslated transcripts encoding the major myelin proteins for – we speculate – a demyelinating episode. We posit that the signature molecules, PDGFR-αβ cytokine PDGF-CC, and transcription factor Pea3, used – among others – to define the non-myelinating phenotype, may be critical for mounting a myelinating programme during demyelination. Harnessing this capability is of therapeutic value for diseases such as multiple sclerosis. This is the first molecular characterization of an elusive neural cell. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1821/version/1 Tue, 22 Apr 2008 19:34:26 UTC The Genetic Signature of Perineuronal Oligodendrocytes hdl:10101/npre.2008.1821.1 2008-04-22 Sara Szuchet Nature Precedings 2008-04-22T19:34:26Z Manuscript Developmental Biology Genetics & Genomics Neuroscience Bioinformatics http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ http://precedings.nature.com/documents/433/version/1 ObjectiveWe have assessed the utility of a pre-publication validation policy in reducing the probability of publishing false positive research findings. Study design and settingThe large database of the Sylvia Lawry Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research was split in two parts: one for hypothesis generation and a validation part for confirmation of selected results. We present case studies from 5 finalized projects that have used the validation policy and results from a simulation study.ResultsIn one project, the “relapse and disability” project as described in section II (example 3), findings could not be confirmed in the validation part of the database. The simulation study showed that the percentage of false positive findings can exceed 20% depending on variable selection. ConclusionWe conclude that the validation policy has prevented the publication of at least one research finding that could not be validated in an independent data set (and probably would have been a “true” false-positive finding) over the past three years, and has led to improved data analysis, statistical programming, and selection of hypotheses. The advantages outweigh the lost statistical power inherent in the process. http://precedings.nature.com/documents/433/version/1 Thu, 12 Jul 2007 06:10:54 UTC Reducing the Probability of False Positive Research Findings by Pre-Publication Validation – Experience with a Large Multiple Sclerosis Database hdl:10101/npre.2007.433.1 2007-09-10 Martin M. Daumer Nature Precedings 2007-07-12T06:10:54Z Manuscript Neuroscience Bioinformatics http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/