Document information

12 votes

H5N1 Clade 2.2 Polymorphism Tracing Identifies Influenza Recombination and Potential Vaccine Targets

Henry L. Niman¹, Magdi D. Saad², Elassai M. Labib², E Ayoub², Mona M. Aly³, A-SA Arafa³, Marshall R. Monteville², Bruce R. Boynton², Jeffery Tjaden², Kenneth C. Earhart², Moustafa M. Mansour², Nasr M. ElSayed⁴, A I. Nayei⁴, A A. Abdelghani⁴, & Hala M. Essmat⁴

Correspondence: (Login to view email address)

1. Recombinomics, Inc.
2. US Navy Medical Research Unit #3 (NAMRU-3)
3. Central Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control, Giza
4. Ministry of Health, Arabic Republic of Egypt

PDF (564.4 KB)

Document Type:

Manuscript

Date:

Received 07 August 2007 17:32 UTC; Posted 07 August 2007

Subjects:

Biotechnology, Evolution and Ecology, Genetics, Microbiology, Bioinformatics

Tags:

• Polymorphisms
• Influenza
• H5N1
• Recombination
• Evolution
• Vaccine

Abstract:

Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997 1. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300 and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60% 2. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase. Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases 3.4. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift 5. We traced polymorphism acquisition in Clade 2.2 sequences. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, Clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia and Ghana. These changes are not easily explained by the current theory of “random mutation” through copy error, and are more easily explained by recombination with a common source. This conclusion is supported by additional polymorphisms shared by Clade 2.2 isolates in Egypt, Nigeria and Germany including aggregation of regional polymorphisms from each of these areas into a single Nigerian human hemagglutinin gene.

Discussion

Votes:

12 votes

(Login to vote)

Comments:

0 comments

6 comments on previous versions

(Login to post a comment)

Share:

(Login to share with a colleague)

Additional information

License:

This document is licensed to the public under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License

How to cite this document:

Niman, Henry, Saad, Magdi, Labib, Elassai, Ayoub, E, Aly, Mona, Arafa, A-SA, Monteville, Marshall, Boynton, Bruce, Tjaden, Jeffery, Earhart, Kenneth, Mansour, Moustafa, ElSayed, Nasr, Nayei, A, Abdelghani, A, and Essmat, Hala. H5N1 Clade 2.2 Polymorphism Tracing Identifies Influenza Recombination and Potential Vaccine Targets. Available from Nature Precedings <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2007.553.2> (2007)

Version info:

Other versions of this document in Nature Precedings

Version number	Document title	Date
v1	Posted 27 July 2007

Other versions of this document elsewhere on the web

None known.

Submit a new version link