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Interventions to Promote Cancer Awareness and Early Presentation: Systematic Review

J Austoker¹, C Bankhead², Lindsay J. L. Forbes³, L Atkins³, F Martin ¹, K Robb⁴, J Wardle⁴ & A J. Ramirez³

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1. Cancer Research UK Primary Care Education Research Group
2. Cancer Research UK Primary Care Education Research Group, Oxford Centre for Monitoring and Diagnosis (MaDOx)
3. Cancer Research UK Promoting Early Presentation Group
4. Health Behaviour Research Centre

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Document Type:

Manuscript

Date:

Received 01 October 2009 14:05 UTC; Posted 02 October 2009

Subjects:

Cancer

Tags:

• Cancer awareness
• Cancer knowledge
• Delay
• Complex interventions
• Early presentation
• Health service utilisation

Abstract:

Low cancer awareness contributes to delay in presentation for cancer symptoms and may lead to delay in cancer diagnosis. The aim of this study was to review the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to raise cancer awareness and promote early presentation in cancer to inform policy and future research. We searched bibliographic databases and reference lists for randomised controlled trials of interventions delivered to individuals, and controlled or uncontrolled studies of interventions delivered to communities. We found some evidence that interventions delivered to individuals modestly increase cancer awareness in the short term and insufficient evidence that they promote early presentation. We found limited evidence that public education campaigns reduce stage at presentation of breast cancer, malignant melanoma and retinoblastoma.

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This document is licensed to the public under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

How to cite this document:

Austoker, J, Bankhead, C, Forbes, Lindsay, Atkins, L, Martin , F, Robb, K, Wardle, J, and Ramirez, A. Interventions to Promote Cancer Awareness and Early Presentation: Systematic Review . Available from Nature Precedings <http://hdl.handle.net/10101/npre.2009.3815.1> (2009)

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