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Prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in Korean adults: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS)

Tae Nyun Kim¹, Sae Jeong Yang¹, Hye Jin Yoo¹, Kang Il Lim¹, Hyun Joo Kang², Wook Song³, Ji A Seo¹, Sin Gon Kim¹, Nan Hee Kim¹, Sei Hyun Baik¹, Dong Seop Choi¹ & Kyung Mook Choi¹

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1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine
2. Sports Medicine, Division of Physical Education, Soonchunhyang University
3. Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University

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Document Type:

Manuscript

Date:

Received 03 March 2009 03:04 UTC; Posted 04 March 2009

Subjects:

Developmental Biology

Tags:

• Sarcopenia
• prevalence
• Muscle
• Aging
• metabolic syndrome
• Skeletal muscle

Abstract:

Context: Sarcopenic obesity (SO), a combination of excess weight and reduced muscle mass and/or strength, is suggested to be associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes.
Objectives: To examine the prevalence and characteristics of Sarcopenic and SO defined by using different indices such as Appendicular Skeletal muscle Mass (ASM)/height² and Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI (%): skeletal muscle mass (kg)/weight (kg) × 100) for Korean adults.
Methods: 591 participants were recruited from the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS) which is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study. Analysis was conducted in 526 participants (328 women, 198 men) who had complete data on body composition using Dual X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography.
Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia and SO increases with aging. Using two or more standard deviations (SD) of ASM/height² below reference values from young, healthy adults as a definition of sarcopenia, the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO was 6.3% and 1.3% in men and 4.1% and 1.7% in women over 60 years of age. However, using two or more SD of SMI, the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO was 5.1% and 5.1% respectively in men and 14.2% and 12.5% respectively in women. As defined by SMI, subjects with SO had 3 times the risk of metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-7.26) and subjects with non-sarcopenic obesity had approximately 2 times the risk of metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.18-3.02) compared with normal subjects.
Conclusion: Obese subjects with relative sarcopenia were associated with a greater likelihood for metabolic syndrome. As Koreans were more obese and aging, the prevalence of SO and its impact on health outcomes are estimated to be rapidly grow. Further research is requested to establish the definition, cause and consequences of SO.

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This document is licensed to the public under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

How to cite this document:

Kim, Tae Nyun, Yang, Sae Jeong, Yoo, Hye Jin, Lim, Kang Il, Kang, Hyun Joo, Song, Wook, Seo, Ji A, Kim, Sin Gon, Kim, Nan Hee, Baik, Sei Hyun, Choi, Dong Seop, and Choi, Kyung Mook. Prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in Korean adults: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS). Available from Nature Precedings <http://hdl.handle.net/10101/npre.2009.2915.1> (2009)

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